族裔-文化經(jīng)濟(jì)和地方協(xié)商:廣州建設(shè)六馬路的跨國(guó)飲食消費(fèi)景觀研究

摘要： 近年來(lái),跨國(guó)族裔在中國(guó)大城市日漸扮演重要的角色,為不少研究所關(guān)注。過(guò)往不少研究針對(duì)相關(guān)族裔聚居區(qū)或族裔經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)進(jìn)行分析,但缺乏對(duì)微觀的消費(fèi)文化景觀的探究。本研究以廣州市建設(shè)六馬路的跨國(guó)飲食消費(fèi)景觀為例,通過(guò)半結(jié)構(gòu)訪談,參與式觀察,文獻(xiàn)分析和語(yǔ)義差異測(cè)量等方法,分析了跨國(guó)族裔如何通過(guò)消費(fèi)景觀和飲食實(shí)踐與其他社會(huì)群體和移入地的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)背景進(jìn)行協(xié)商。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),飲食消費(fèi)景觀不僅為跨國(guó)族裔維系和生產(chǎn)身份認(rèn)同的重要資源,也有被一些跨國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)者和本地商家塑造為獨(dú)特的文化標(biāo)簽的可能。同時(shí),本地消費(fèi)者通過(guò)這種消費(fèi)空間的環(huán)境和商品文化的感知和想象,也接納和認(rèn)同了這種空間。多元混雜的社群也不乏越界交流,以通過(guò)開放邊界和共存合作面對(duì)危機(jī)。籍此,通過(guò)文化距離和語(yǔ)義差異測(cè)量進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證,在不同文化群體的文化行動(dòng)邏輯之下,建設(shè)六馬路的跨國(guó)消費(fèi)空間同時(shí)也可被不同文化群體所接納和認(rèn)同。
Transnational ethnics play an increasingly crucial role in contemporary Chinese metropolis. As a majority of the studies have underscored the ethnic economic enclave, these researches overlooked the importance of landscapes of consumption in a micro level. Therefore, the paper attempts to consider the formation and characteristics of "ethnic places" from the perspective of new cultural geography. By the means of semi-structured interview, participant observation, documents, cultural distance measurement and semantic differential method, the paper investigates how the transnational ethnics negotiate with other social groups and the socioeconomic context of place in the Jianshe 6 Road, Guangzhou, China. The research finds that not only is food consumption the important resource for transnational ethnics to contest and maintain identity, but it is also possible to be transformed into unique cultural symbols by some translocal and local operators. Meanwhile, because of its cultural diversity, the Jianshe 6 Road has been represented and labelled as the "the most romantic place in Guangzhou" by the local medias. By perceiving and imagining the physical environments and the culture of products of such consumptive space, the local consumers have accepted these cultural spaces. There are also cross-border interactions engaged by pluralist communities,especially in a crisis period. Furthermore, the paper employs the means of cultural distance measurement and semantic differential to identify that, although shaped by the cultural logics of different actors, transnational consumption space in the Jianshe 6 Road is able to be embraced by different social groups simultaneously. Consequently, the meanings of such translocal place are influenced by the cross-cultural identity of transnational ethnics, cultural economy and the local consumers' positive perception of the ethnic-consumptive landscape. The results enrich the empirical research of social and cultural geography studies on foreign communities in China, illustrating that the place-makings of ethnic space and landscape are shaped by heterogeneous trans-ethnic relations and specific socioeconomic context. In addition, the research can contribute to China's urban migrant policies and the construction of multicultural global cities.