拍賣(mài)或招投標(biāo)市場(chǎng)上橫向合并的單邊效應(yīng)及其識(shí)別——對(duì)甲骨文和仁科公司合并的案例分析

摘要： 識(shí)別橫向合并中的單邊效應(yīng)是各國(guó)反壟斷審查的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。本文通過(guò)研究關(guān)聯(lián)價(jià)值模型下拍賣(mài)或招投標(biāo)市場(chǎng)上橫向合并的單邊效應(yīng),得出了單邊效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的充分必要條件,并將差異化產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)上單邊效應(yīng)的UPP(價(jià)格上漲壓力測(cè)試法)思想推廣到拍賣(mài)或招投標(biāo)市場(chǎng)上。在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用改進(jìn)的GUPPI(漲價(jià)壓力總指數(shù))對(duì)甲骨文仁科合并案進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果與歐美反壟斷機(jī)構(gòu)測(cè)算出的結(jié)果基本一致,即該起合并會(huì)產(chǎn)生單邊效應(yīng)。本文提出,GUPPI指數(shù)可以作為快速有效的初步篩選工具應(yīng)用到拍賣(mài)或招投標(biāo)市場(chǎng)中的橫向合并審查,中國(guó)反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)拍賣(mài)或招投標(biāo)市場(chǎng)中的合并審查可采用類(lèi)似方法。
To identify the unilateral effects of horizontal mergers in the anti-monopoly review is always the key point.This paper characterizes the unilateral effects in auction or bidding markets,and finds a necessary and sufficient condition for the unilateral effects in affiliated value auctions for the first time.It also tries to put the idea of the UPP(Upward Pricing Pressure) test which is used to identify unilateral effects in markets with differentiated products,into the auction or bidding markets.Based on revised GUPPI(Gross Upward Price Pressure Index),this paper analyzes the case of Oracle—PeopleSoft merger empirically and gets the similar result as antitrust agencies in the U.S.and in the EU that this merger causes the unilateral effects.Being a quick and effective preliminary tool,GUPPI can be used in merger reviews.This paper suggests the antitrust agency in China should apply this kind of method or index in most merger reviews and cases in auction markets.