我國(guó)學(xué)前教育供給模式的演變歷程與展望:1949—2019

摘要： 新中國(guó)成立70年來(lái),我國(guó)學(xué)前教育供給模式歷經(jīng)三次演變,即從單位福利為主的供給模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭袌?chǎng)主導(dǎo)的多元供給模式,而后發(fā)展為政府主導(dǎo)的多元供給模式。我國(guó)當(dāng)代學(xué)前教育供給模式的特點(diǎn)逐步凸顯價(jià)值理性日益彰顯;多元主體協(xié)同辦學(xué);供給機(jī)制逐步完善;供給總量擴(kuò)大,普惠園不斷發(fā)展;供給結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化;惠及對(duì)象更加廣泛;供給形式向就近便捷和綜合化方向發(fā)展等。展望未來(lái),應(yīng)從幾個(gè)方面改革和完善:堅(jiān)守兩種理性融通的學(xué)前教育供給理念;理順學(xué)前教育供給主體間關(guān)系;加強(qiáng)對(duì)學(xué)前教育供給對(duì)象的弱勢(shì)補(bǔ)償;多措并舉,豐富學(xué)前教育供給形式;完善治理,提升學(xué)前教育供給質(zhì)量,滿足人民群眾對(duì)學(xué)前教育的美好期盼。
The supply model of preschool education in China has undergone three evolutions from 1949 to 2019, from a unit-welfare-based supply model to a market-led diversified one and then to a government-led diversified one. China's contemporary preschool education has distinctive features: the value rationality is increasingly evident; the multiple subjects co-operate in running education; the supply mechanism is gradually improved; the total supply is expanding, and the inclusive beneficial kindergarten is constantly developing; the supply structure tends to be optimized; the scope of supply is broader; the supply form is more convenient and integrated. Looking forward to the future, we should adhere to the rational integration of the two supply concepts of preschool education, straighten out the relationship among the preschool education supply subjects, strengthen the compensation for the disadvantaged groups in preschool education, enrich the supply forms of preschool education. We are also supposed to improve governance and enhance the quality of preschool education supply to meet the people's good expectations of it.