1.BartterT,SantarelliR,AkersSM.Theevaluationofpleuraleffusion.Chest,1994,106:1209～12142.EibenbergerKL,DockWI,AmmannME.Quantificationofpleuraleffusions:sonographyversusradiography.Radiology,1994,191:681～6843.EstenneM,YernaultJC,DeTroyerA.Mechanismsofrelief...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.蔣耀光等主編.創(chuàng)傷醫(yī)學叢書·胸部創(chuàng)傷,62.美D.C.薩比斯頓主編,曾憲九等譯.克氏外科學(上冊).9413.R.T.Villavicencio,J.A.Aucar,M.J.Wall,Jr.AnalysisofthoracoscopyintraumaSurgEndosc,1999,13:3～94.saule.Unfallchirurg,1998,101:619～6275.DajczmanE,GordenA,KreismanH,WolkoveN....[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.AndrewsNC,ParkerEF,ShawRR,WilsonNJ,WebbWR.Managementofnontuberculousempyema:astatementofthesubcommitteeonsurgery.AmRevRespirDis,1962,85:935～9362.MayoP.Earlythoracotomyanddecorticationfornon-tuberculousempyemainadultswithandwithoutunderlyingdisease:atwen...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.AmericanThoracicSociety.Standardsforthediagnosisandcareofpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease.AmJRespirCritCareMed,1995,152:77～1202.HubmayrRD,RodarteJR.Cellulareffectsandphysiologicresponses:lungmechanics.In:ChemiackNS,ed.ChronicObstructivePul...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1概述肺移植是治療終末期肺疾病的有效方法。目前,在歐美國家,肺移植已經成為較為成熟的技術,例如在美國,每年都施行超過500例的肺移植手術。盡管這樣,肺移植也如其他許多技術的發(fā)展一樣,幾經周折,峰回路轉。以下是肺移植發(fā)展...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1概述對術前CT或胸片提示雙側胸腔都有病變的病例,以往一般都是用正中切口或雙側后外側切口的術式解決,但難度較大或位置不理想或心肺功能略有缺陷的病例,這種術式因為創(chuàng)傷過大而難以進行。胸腔鏡技術及微創(chuàng)切口入路因創(chuàng)傷...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1概述小肺癌發(fā)生在段支氣管以上,稱為中央型肺癌,經常由于臨床上有咳血痰、咳嗽而引起臨床醫(yī)師注意,進行檢查。早期中央型肺癌局限于支氣管內,胸片檢查無明顯陽性發(fā)現(xiàn),即使出現(xiàn)阻塞性肺炎,抗炎治療后也能完全吸收。發(fā)現(xiàn)病灶...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.KrasnaMJ,FlowersJL,AttarS,etal.Combinedthoracoscopic/laparoscopicstagingofesophagealcancer.JThoracCardiovascSurg,1996,111:800～8072.BeahrsOH,HensonDE,HutterRVP,KennedyBJ,editors.Manualforstagingofcancer.4thed.Philadelphia:JBLippincott;19923.KrasnaMJ,MaoY...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.SahnSA.Stateoftheart-thepleura.AmericanReviewofRespiratoryDiseases,1988,138:184～2342.GilmartinJJ,WrightAJ,GibsonGJ.Effectsofpneumothoraxorpleuraleffusiononpulmonaryfunction.Thorax,1985,40:60～653.MehtaAC,DweikRA.Pleuraldiseases.ClevelandClinicIntensiveRe...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1.Mateu-NavarroM,Rami-PortaR,Bastus-PiulatsR,Cirera-NoguerasL,Gonzalez-PontG.Remediastinoscopyafterinductionchemotherapyinnon-smallcelllungcancer.AnnThoracSurg,2000,70:391～3952.SmytheWR,BavariaJE,KaiserLR.Mediastinoscopicsubtotalremovalofmediastinalcysts....[繼續(xù)閱讀]