腦力負(fù)荷與目標(biāo)辨認(rèn)

摘要： 研究虛擬戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)駕駛員飛行過(guò)程中涉及的監(jiān)視、計(jì)算記憶、攻擊和探測(cè)4項(xiàng)任務(wù),通過(guò)改變工作的快慢節(jié)奏來(lái)影響腦力負(fù)荷,以正確反應(yīng)率和反應(yīng)時(shí)間來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)和分析被測(cè)試者在不同腦力負(fù)荷下對(duì)目標(biāo)顏色、形狀和位置的辨認(rèn)情況,為人機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)編碼及確定目標(biāo)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間提供科學(xué)依據(jù);使用腦電圖儀測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中被測(cè)試者的生理反應(yīng)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)腦力負(fù)荷與任務(wù)難度的關(guān)系。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在需要分配注意力的情況下,人對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)分別選取的3種顏色和形狀的辨認(rèn)不受腦力負(fù)荷大小的影響,腦力負(fù)荷大小影響人對(duì)不同位置的目標(biāo)辨認(rèn);人的目標(biāo)辨認(rèn)顯著受到目標(biāo)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間的影響,目標(biāo)呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),反應(yīng)時(shí)間越長(zhǎng);腦電圖在一定程度上波的頻率和高振幅波能反應(yīng)腦力負(fù)荷大小。
An experiment of multitask (monitor, calculation-memory, attack and detection) which simulate the flight control environment with some degree of fidelity is developed. This work investigates how human identifies the target color, figure and location under different mental workload levels, which is achieved by changing working speed rhythm, by measuring the reaction time and accuracy to provide standards for target code and decision of stimuli display time in human machine interface design. Electroencephalograph is applied to measure subject’s physiology reaction for searching the relation between mental workload and task difficulty. Results indicate that the mental workload level affects the target identifications of different locations but not the identifications of three target colors and figures selected there under the need of attention allocation and the stimuli display time affects the reaction time significantly,nevertheless, the more the stimuli display time is, the more the reaction time will be. The way frequency and high oscillation amplitude waves of electroencephalogram can reflect the scale of mental workload to some extent.