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Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作
2021-09-02 21:29:03

??本篇博主帶來的是Kafka的Producer API操作。


1. 消息發(fā)送流程

??Kafka的Producer發(fā)送消息采用的是異步發(fā)送的方式。在消息發(fā)送的過程中,涉及到了兩個線程——main線程和Sender線程,以及一個線程共享變量——RecordAccumulator。main線程將消息發(fā)送給RecordAccumulator,Sender線程不斷從RecordAccumulator中拉取消息發(fā)送到Kafka broker。

下圖為KafkaProducer發(fā)送消息流程
Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_kafka
Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_消息發(fā)送_02
相關(guān)參數(shù):
batch.size:只有數(shù)據(jù)積累到batch.size之后,sender才會發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。
linger.ms:如果數(shù)據(jù)遲遲未達到batch.size,sender等待linger.time之后就會發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。

2. 無回調(diào)參數(shù)的API
  • 1. 導入依賴
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>8</source>
                    <target>8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

    </build>


    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
        <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
        <version>0.11.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  • 2. 編寫代碼

需要用到的類:
KafkaProducer:需要創(chuàng)建一個生產(chǎn)者對象,用來發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
ProducerConfig:獲取所需的一系列配置參數(shù)
ProducerRecord:每條數(shù)據(jù)都要封裝成一個ProducerRecord對象

  • 3. 完整代碼
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;

import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;


/**
 * @author 卜溫不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop002:9092");//kafka集群,broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重試次數(shù)
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待時間
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator緩沖區(qū)大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "my name is bu wen bu huo -" + i));
        }
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 4. 群起zookeeper和kafka
[bigdata@hadoop002 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/start-allzk.sh 
[bigdata@hadoop002 kafka]$ bin/start-kafkaall.sh 

Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_大數(shù)據(jù)_03

  • 5. 啟動一個consumer控制臺
[bigdata@hadoop002 kafka]$ bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server hadoop002:9092 --topic first
  • 6. 跑代碼進行測試
    Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_大數(shù)據(jù)_04

為什么是無序的,這是因為我們只能保證分區(qū)內(nèi)有序。其他無序。

3. 帶回調(diào)函數(shù)的API

??回調(diào)函數(shù)會在producer收到ack時調(diào)用,為異步調(diào)用,該方法有兩個參數(shù),分別是RecordMetadata和Exception,如果Exception為null,說明消息發(fā)送成功,如果Exception不為null,說明消息發(fā)送失敗。
??注意:消息發(fā)送失敗會自動重試,不需要我們在回調(diào)函數(shù)中手動重試。

  • 1. 代碼
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;

import java.util.Properties;


/**
 * @author 卜溫不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "hadoop002:9092");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());

        props.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "all");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BATCH_SIZE_CONFIG, 16384);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG, 1);


        //1.創(chuàng)建1個生產(chǎn)者對象
        KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);

        //2.調(diào)用send方法
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "message-" + i), (metadata,exception)->{

                if(exception==null){
                    System.out.println("success"+metadata.topic()+"-"+metadata.partition()+"-"+metadata.offset());
                }else{
                    exception.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }

        //3.關(guān)閉生產(chǎn)者
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 2. 結(jié)果

Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_apache_05

  • 3. 大致流程圖
    Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_apache_06
4. 同步發(fā)送API / 只是比異步多了一個.get()

??同步發(fā)送的意思就是,一條消息發(fā)送之后,會阻塞當前線程,直至返回ack。
??由于send方法返回的是一個Future對象,根據(jù)Futrue對象的特點,我們也可以實現(xiàn)同步發(fā)送的效果,只需在調(diào)用Future對象的get方發(fā)即可。

  • 1. 代碼:
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

/**
 * @author 卜溫不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop002:9092");//kafka集群,broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重試次數(shù)
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待時間
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator緩沖區(qū)大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "my name is bu wen bu huo -" + i)).get();
        }
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 2. 結(jié)果
    Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_大數(shù)據(jù)_07
    ??本次的分享就到這里了,

Kafka快速入門系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作_hadoop_08

?? 看 完 就 贊 , 養(yǎng) 成 習 慣 ! ! ! color{#FF0000}{看完就贊,養(yǎng)成習慣!??!} ,養(yǎng)!!^ _ ^ ?? ?? ??
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