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C#反爬蟲之CSRF
2021-09-22 11:33:07

最近寫爬蟲遇到一個(gè)網(wǎng)站帶有防止CSRF攻擊機(jī)制,該接口為POST請(qǐng)求,用PostMan測(cè)試后發(fā)現(xiàn)需要請(qǐng)求頭的Cookie和FormData里面的一個(gè)_token參數(shù)才能發(fā)起正確的請(qǐng)求,這兩個(gè)參數(shù)缺一不可而且有效時(shí)間只有一天,因?yàn)榕老x是做成定時(shí)任務(wù)的,每天在一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)都會(huì)自己運(yùn)行,這樣的話每天都要更換Cookie和Token太麻煩,摸索了一段時(shí)間后發(fā)現(xiàn)可以破解此網(wǎng)頁的CSRF:

第一步是Cookie會(huì)過期,所以先獲取Cookie:

首先請(qǐng)求該網(wǎng)頁的任意一個(gè)Get請(qǐng)求要能成功的,然后然后獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容的SetCookie,再將SetCookie放到POST請(qǐng)求中的CookieContainer中即可;

public static CookieContainer CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
public static void GetCookieAndToken()
        {
            Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            string requestUrlString = @"https://www.pproperties.com.hk/tc";
            //向服務(wù)端請(qǐng)求
            HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(requestUrlString);
            myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            myRequest.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
            //將請(qǐng)求的結(jié)果發(fā)送給客戶端(界面、應(yīng)用)
            HttpWebResponse myResponse = (HttpWebResponse)myRequest.GetResponse();
            CookieContainer.Add(myResponse.Cookies);
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(myResponse.GetResponseStream(), encoding);
            var htmlStr = reader.ReadToEnd();
            HtmlDocument html = new HtmlDocument();
            html.LoadHtml(htmlStr);
            HtmlNodeCollection node = html.DocumentNode.SelectNodes(@"//meta[@name='csrf-token']");
            if (node != null)
            {
                Token = node.First().Attributes["content"].Value;
            }
            else
            {
                GetCookieAndToken();
            }
        }
View Code

這里請(qǐng)求用的是HttpWebRequest因?yàn)镠ttpWebResponse拿到的Cookie能直接添加到CookieContainer,如果用HttpClient請(qǐng)求的話拿到的Cookie是IENumberable<string>類型的,(最終的POST請(qǐng)求)這里因?yàn)閿?shù)據(jù)過多需要用到異步所以考慮HttpClient,而HttpClient中設(shè)置Cookie的方式為CookieContainer。

所以這里是先用HttpWebRequest獲取CookieContainer然后再用得到CookieContainer添加到HttpHandler中用HttpClient發(fā)起Post請(qǐng)求,這么復(fù)雜是因?yàn)槲疫€沒找到將IENumberable<string>轉(zhuǎn)為CookieContainer。

第二步是獲取Token(代碼在上面獲取Cookie里面)

能破解CSRF是因?yàn)樵诰W(wǎng)頁找到隱藏的Token:

?

?獲取Token:

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?這里解析Html用的是HtmlAgilityPack

上面文字很繞口所以下面有圖文解析:

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?最后用Post請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù):

 HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler() { CookieContainer = CookieContainer};
                using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler))
                {
                    HttpRequestMessage message = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, postUrl);
                    message.Headers.Add("accept-language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8");
                    viewdata += Token;
                    var dic = FormDataToDictionary(viewdata);
                    message.Content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(dic);
                    HttpResponseMessage response = client.SendAsync(message).Result;
                    return response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
View Code

HttpContent格式:

MultipartFormDataContent ? =>  multipart/form-data

FormUrlEncodedContent   =>  application/x-www-form-urlencoded

StringContent       =>  application/json等

StreamContent      ??=>  ? binary

FormUrlEncodedContent()方法里的鍵值對(duì)只能一個(gè)一個(gè)加上去,這里我封裝了一個(gè)方法一次性加上去:

?? ? ?VS??

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?

//viewparse轉(zhuǎn)成Dictionary
        static Dictionary<string, string> FormDataToDictionary(string viewParse_Encode)
        {
            var viewParse = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode(viewParse_Encode, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
            Dictionary<string, string> dic = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            var arr = viewParse.Split(new char[] { '&' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
            foreach (var a in arr)
            {
                var arr2 = a.Split(new char[] { '=' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
                if (arr2.Length == 1)
                {
                    string s = string.Empty;
                    dic.Add(arr2[0], s);
                }
                else
                    dic.Add(arr2[0], arr2[1]);
            }
            return dic;
        }
View Code

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參考:

C#如何HttpWebRequest模擬登陸,獲取服務(wù)端返回Cookie以便登錄請(qǐng)求后使用 - 黃聰 - 博客園 (cnblogs.com)

C#中使用HttpClient來Post數(shù)據(jù)的內(nèi)容HttpContent的各種格式 - 齊建偉 - 博客園 (cnblogs.com)

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本文摘自 :https://www.cnblogs.com/

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